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American Mahjong Tile Quiz

Learn every tile in a 152-tile American set, one friendly flashcard at a time. When you feel ready, try the 60-second quiz and beat your best score.

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Which tiles?
Mystery tile

You know 0 of 36 different tiles here.

What is this tile?

Say it out loud, then check.

Your path to game night0 of 6 doneNext: Learn the tiles →

Practice as often as you like. Nothing you do here is shared or sent anywhere.

How to use this tile quiz

Start with Flashcards. Look at the tile, say its name out loud, then tap Show answer. If you knew it, tap I knew it. If not, tap Still learning and the tile will come back a few cards later. Your progress is saved on this device, so you can stop and pick up where you left off.

Use the buttons at the top to study just one group, like Craks, which most beginners find hardest. When the flashcards feel easy, switch to the Timed quiz: you get 60 seconds to name as many tiles as you can. Prefer no pressure? Tick Relaxed mode and take all the time you need.

The three suits: Dots, Bams and Craks

Most of the tiles in your set belong to one of three suits. Each suit runs from 1 to 9, and there are four copies of every tile.

  • Dots (also called circles or balls). Just count the circles. The 1 Dot is one big decorated circle.
  • Bams, short for bamboo. Count the green sticks. The famous exception is the 1 Bam, which is a bird.
  • Craks, short for characters. The top character is a Chinese number and the red character underneath, 萬, means "ten thousand". Most American sets also print a small number in the corner.
1 Dot5 Dot1 Bam5 Bam1 Crak5 Crak
1 Dot, 5 Dot, 1 Bam (the bird), 5 Bam, 1 Crak, 5 Crak.

The Crak numbers are worth a minute of practice. One, two and three are simply one, two and three lines (一 二 三). Four (四) looks like a little window, five (五) has a zig-zag, and nine (九) looks a bit like a hook. After a few rounds you will read them as easily as the numbers on a clock.

Winds and Dragons

There are four Winds: North, East, West and South, with four of each. Each shows a Chinese character, and nearly every American set also prints a big N, E, W or S in the corner. When a hand needs all four, players often remember them as the word "NEWS".

North WindEast WindWest WindSouth Wind
North, East, West and South Winds.

The three Dragons each "belong" to a suit, which matters when you read the card. The Red Dragon (中) goes with Craks, the Green Dragon (發) goes with Bams, and the White Dragon, nicknamed Soap, goes with Dots. Soap also works as a zero in hands that spell out a year.

Red DragonGreen DragonWhite Dragon (Soap)
Red Dragon, Green Dragon and White Dragon (Soap).

Flowers and Jokers

An American set has eight Flowers. The pictures vary a lot between sets, with seasons, plants or even birds, but on the card any Flower matches any other Flower. You do not need to tell them apart.

The eight Jokers are what make the American game special. A Joker can stand in for any tile in a group of three or more, such as three or four of the same tile. A Joker can never be used in a single tile or a pair. Read more in our guide to how Jokers work.

FlowerJoker
Flower and Joker. Designs differ from set to set.

Why learning the tiles first pays off

At your first game night, the hardest part is not strategy. It is keeping up while you sort your tiles, read the card and pass during the Charleston. If you can name every tile instantly, you free up your attention for everything else, and you will feel far more relaxed at the table.

A good routine is ten minutes a day for three or four days: flashcards for one suit, then a timed quiz with all tiles. Then move on to the Charleston simulator to practice passing, and read our guide to reading the card.

Your set may look a little different. Tile art varies by maker. The tiles above are drawn by firstmahj, but every set uses the same suits, numbers and symbols, so what you learn here carries over to any American set.

Questions

Frequently asked questions

01 How many tiles are in an American mahjong set?

An American set has 152 tiles: 108 suit tiles (Dots, Bams and Craks, numbered 1 to 9, four of each), 16 Winds, 12 Dragons, 8 Flowers and 8 Jokers.

02 What is the fastest way to learn mahjong tiles?

Learn one suit at a time with flashcards, say each name out loud, then take a short timed quiz. Most beginners know every tile after three or four 10-minute sessions.

03 Why is the 1 Bam a bird?

By tradition the 1 Bam is drawn as a bird, often a sparrow or peacock, instead of a single bamboo stick. It still counts as the number 1 in the Bam suit.

04 What is the "Soap" tile in mahjong?

Soap is the nickname for the White Dragon, which often looks like a blank or framed rectangle. It goes with the Dot suit and can stand for zero in hands that spell out a year.

05 Do I need to read Chinese to play American mahjong?

No. Most American sets print small numbers and letters in the corner of each tile, and you only need to recognize a handful of characters, which this quiz teaches you.

06 Does the quiz save my progress?

Yes. Your best timed score and the flashcards you know are saved in your own browser on this device. Nothing is sent to us, and there is no account to create.

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